An ankle sprain is a common injury, with nearly two million cases occurring annually in the U.S. Whether you are running on a trail or simply walking down the street, a sudden twist or turn can send you sprawling to the ground, clutching your ankle.
Let us discuss how to treat an ankle sprain at home and when it is time to seek professional care for your injury.
Ankle Sprains and Why They Occur
An ankle sprain happens when you twist or roll your ankle awkwardly, stretching or tearing the ligaments that hold your ankle bones together. These ligaments are like rubber bands, helping stabilize the joint. But when they are stretched too far, they can sprain. Common causes include stumbling on uneven ground, landing awkwardly after a jump, or even a minor misstep.
Ankle sprain and fracture injuries are especially prevalent among those who enjoy sports or lead active lifestyles. While mild to moderate ankle sprains can be treated at home, severe ones need immediate professional care.
Different Types of Ankle Sprains
The ankle has three main groups of ligaments that stabilize it, totaling seven ligaments. Any one of these ligaments can sustain an injury. Here are the most common types of ankle sprains:
● Lateral Ankle Sprain
A lateral ankle sprain is the stretching or tearing of the ligaments on the outer side of the ankle. This is usually due to rolling or twisting the ankle inward.
● Medial Ankle Sprain
A medial ankle sprain involves damage to the ligaments on the inner side of the ankle. This often results from excessive outward twisting or rolling of the ankle.
● High Ankle Sprain (Syndesmotic Sprain)
A high ankle sprain occurs when the ligaments connecting the two bones of the lower leg are injured. This is often due to external rotation or hyperextension.
First Aid for Ankle Sprains
When dealing with an ankle sprain, immediate action can lead to a faster recovery. The R.I.C.E. method is a well-known first-aid strategy:
- Rest: Avoid putting weight on the injured ankle to prevent further damage.
- Ice: Apply an ice pack for at least 15 minutes every two to three hours to reduce swelling.
- Compression: Use an elastic bandage and wrap it around the affected ankle. This provides necessary compression that supports healing and reduces swelling.
- Elevation: Keep the injured ankle above heart level as often as you can. This helps minimize swelling and discomfort.
Pain management is crucial during the initial phase. Over-the-counter pain relievers like ibuprofen (Advil) or acetaminophen (Tylenol) can help alleviate pain and reduce inflammation. Remember to follow the recommended dosage on the packaging.
When to Seek Professional Care
While many ankle sprains can be treated at home, there are times when professional care is necessary. Signs that indicate you should see an orthopedic doctor include:
- Severe pain
- Inability to put weight on the affected ankle
- Significant swelling and bruising on the ankle
- Ankle instability or the feeling that the joint might give out
- Ankle sprain becoming a chronic issue
An orthopedic doctor is experienced in diagnosing and treating ankle injuries. They create a personalized treatment program for your type of ankle injury and help you recover fully. In addition, they can help you prevent it from happening again by giving you custom recommendations.
Home Recovery and Prevention
Recovery from an ankle sprain does not end with first aid. Engaging in rehabilitation exercises can strengthen your ankle and improve flexibility. Simple exercises such as ankle circles, calf stretches, and towel scrunches can be beneficial.
Preventing future sprains is equally important. Wearing supportive footwear, warming up before activities, and practicing balance exercises can help. Listen to your body and avoid pushing through pain to prevent a new injury.
Before returning to physical activities, ensure your ankle has healed completely. This typically means no pain, swelling, or instability, and you should be able to perform daily activities without discomfort.
Without proper training, treating an ankle sprain and fracture injuries yourself may cause long-term damage and complications. If you are unsure about your injury or need personalized guidance, do not hesitate to call an orthopedic doctor. When ankle sprains are not properly treated, they can lead to chronic instability, recurrent sprains, and persistent pain.
Ankle Sprain and Fracture Treatment in Maryland
If you are suffering from an ankle sprain, consult our Board Certified foot and ankle Podiatrist, Dr. Gary Feldman. With years of experience, he will provide expert guidance for optimal recovery.
The Centers for Advanced Orthopaedics: Maryland Orthopedic Specialists Division has locations in Bethesda, Germantown, and Rockville. For added convenience, we offer on-site physical therapy to aid your rehabilitation.
For more information or to schedule a consultation for ankle sprain and fracture treatment, call us today at (301) 515-0900 or schedule an appointment online.
