Lower Back Pain

Muscle strain in the lower back often occurs due to overuse, sudden movements, or improper lifting techniques. This can lead to micro-tears in the muscles and ligaments supporting the lower back, resulting in pain, stiffness, and reduced mobility. The discomfort can range from mild to severe, depending on the extent of the strain. Individuals may also experience localized tenderness, swelling, and muscle spasms in the affected area.

Treatment typically involves a combination of rest, ice therapy, gentle stretching exercises, and over-the-counter pain medication to alleviate symptoms and promote healing. Physical therapy may be recommended to strengthen the muscles and improve flexibility, reducing the risk of future strain.

A herniated disc occurs when the soft inner core of a spinal disc protrudes through a tear in the tough outer layer, irritating nearby nerves. This can result in localized lower back pain, as well as radiating symptoms, such as pain, numbness, or weakness, that travel down one or both legs, a condition known as sciatica. Individuals may also experience tingling sensations or muscle weakness in the affected leg.

Treatment options vary depending on the severity of symptoms but may include conservative measures such as rest, physical therapy, and pain management to alleviate discomfort and improve function. In cases of persistent or severe symptoms, surgical intervention, such as discectomy or spinal fusion, may be necessary to relieve nerve compression and stabilize the spine.

Degenerative disc disease is a common age-related condition characterized by the gradual deterioration of the discs between the vertebrae. Over time, the discs lose hydration and elasticity, becoming thinner and less able to cushion the vertebrae during movement. This can result in chronic lower back pain, stiffness, and reduced flexibility. Individuals with degenerative disc disease may experience worsening pain with prolonged sitting or standing and may have difficulty with activities that require bending or twisting of the spine.

Treatment options aim to manage symptoms and improve function through a combination of physical therapy, lifestyle modifications, and medications such as anti-inflammatories or muscle relaxants. In severe cases, surgical procedures such as artificial disc replacement or spinal fusion may be considered to alleviate pain and stabilize the spine.