Golfer’s Elbow

Golfer's elbow, or medial epicondylitis, develops due to repetitive stress or overuse of the muscles and tendons in the forearm that attach to the medial epicondyle of the elbow. Activities involving gripping, wrist flexion, and repetitive forearm motions, such as golfing or racket sports, commonly contribute to this condition.

Symptoms include pain and tenderness on the inner side of the elbow, which may radiate down the forearm. Individuals may experience discomfort when gripping objects or performing activities that involve wrist flexion or forearm pronation, such as shaking hands or lifting. Additionally, swelling and stiffness may be present, especially after activities aggravating the condition.

Diagnosis involves a comprehensive evaluation, including a thorough medical history review and physical examination to assess pain, tenderness, and range of motion in the elbow and forearm. The physician may perform specific tests to assess muscle strength and tendon function. Imaging tests such as X-ray or MRI may be ordered to rule out other potential causes of symptoms, such as fractures or nerve compression.

Treatment aims to alleviate pain, reduce inflammation, and promote healing of the affected tendons. Conservative measures may include rest, activity modification to avoid exacerbating movements, ice therapy, nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) for pain relief, physical therapy to improve flexibility and strength, and corticosteroid injections for localized inflammation reduction. In refractory cases, surgical intervention such as tendon release or debridement may be considered to address severe or persistent symptoms.

Recovery time varies depending on the severity of tendon damage, the chosen treatment approach, and individual factors such as overall health and adherence to rehabilitation protocols. While conservative measures may yield improvements within weeks to months, surgical interventions may necessitate longer recovery periods for optimal outcomes. It's important to follow the guidance of healthcare providers and engage in prescribed rehabilitation exercises to support recovery.

Complications may include persistent pain, weakness, or stiffness in the elbow and forearm, as well as potential surgical risks such as infection, nerve injury, or scar tissue formation. Close monitoring by healthcare professionals and adherence to treatment plans are essential for minimizing complications and optimizing outcomes. It's crucial to communicate any concerns or changes in symptoms to the healthcare provider promptly.

Individuals with golfer's elbow should avoid activities that exacerbate symptoms, such as gripping, lifting heavy objects, or performing repetitive forearm motions. Ergonomic modifications in the workplace or home environment can help reduce strain on the affected tendons and promote healing. Physical therapists can provide guidance on proper body mechanics and activity modifications to prevent symptoms from worsening.