Tennis Elbow

Tennis elbow, or lateral epicondylitis, develops due to repetitive strain on the extensor tendons of the forearm, particularly those attaching to the lateral epicondyle of the elbow. This strain often results from activities involving repetitive wrist extension, gripping, and forearm rotation, commonly seen in tennis, hence the name.

Symptoms typically include pain and tenderness on the outer side of the elbow, which may radiate down the forearm. Individuals may experience discomfort when gripping objects, performing wrist movements, or lifting, with symptoms worsening during activities that strain the affected tendons. Swelling and stiffness may also accompany the pain, especially after prolonged use of the affected arm.

Diagnosis involves a comprehensive evaluation by a healthcare provider, starting with a detailed medical history to understand the onset and nature of symptoms, as well as any contributing factors such as recent activities or sports participation. A physical examination follows, during which the healthcare provider may palpate the elbow to identify areas of tenderness and assess range of motion and muscle strength. Specific tests, such as the Cozen's test or Mill's test, may be performed to reproduce symptoms and confirm the diagnosis. In some cases, imaging studies like X-rays or MRI scans may be ordered to rule out other potential causes of elbow pain, such as fractures or arthritis.

Treatment strategies for tennis elbow aim to alleviate pain, reduce inflammation, and promote healing of the affected tendons. In mild to moderate cases, conservative measures are typically employed and may include rest, activity modification to avoid exacerbating movements, application of ice packs to the affected area, and the use of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) to reduce pain and inflammation. Physical therapy exercises are often prescribed to improve flexibility and strength in the forearm muscles and tendons, while corticosteroid injections may be administered for more immediate pain relief and reduction of inflammation.

The recovery time following treatment can vary depending on several factors, including the severity of the condition, the chosen treatment approach, and individual factors such as age and overall health. In general, conservative treatments may yield improvements within a few weeks to months, while recovery from surgical intervention may take longer. Following your healthcare provider's recommendations and engaging in prescribed rehabilitation exercises are crucial for promoting optimal healing and recovery.

Individuals with tennis elbow should avoid activities that exacerbate symptoms and put additional strain on the affected tendons. These activities may include repetitive gripping, lifting heavy objects, and performing repetitive wrist movements. It is important to listen to your body and modify your activities as needed to prevent further irritation and promote healing.

While tennis elbow is typically not considered a disabling condition, severe or untreated cases can lead to long-term disability and functional impairment. Chronic pain, weakness, and limited range of motion in the affected arm can significantly impact daily activities and quality of life, making it difficult to perform tasks at work, home, or during recreational activities. Early diagnosis and appropriate treatment are key to preventing disability and promoting optimal recovery.